Under-recognition and consequent mismanagement of migraine highlight the importance of quick and easier tools for migraine diagnosis. The ID-migraine, a 3-item migraine diagnosis tool, fits the description of such a rapid tool. This study tested the accuracy of the ID-migraine tool in migraine without aura diagnosis, to determine its usefulness in our setting. This cross-sectional accuracy study was done in Calabar, Nigeria. We compared the ID-migraine tool with the International Headache Society criteria in migraine without aura diagnosis on persons with recurrent headaches, within the previous three months, recruited from a pool of 220 clinical students in Calabar, Nigeria. Data analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 20, and we set the level of significance at p < 0.05. Fifty-one persons who had recurrent headaches from the pool of students, comprising 25 (49%) males and 26 (51%) females, completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 24.2 years±4.6. The derived sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive and negative predictive values of the 3-item migraine diagnosis tool were 69.2%, 63.1%, 64.7%, 39.1% and 85.7%, respectively (kappa=0.26; p=0.043). The ID-migraine tool had moderate sensitivity and specificity in our study and a low level of agreement with the reference standard. Its usefulness may be more in excluding migraine in persons with recurrent headaches.
Key words: Diagnoses, Disorders, Headaches, Migraine, Neurological
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