Abstract

This present study evaluates the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the selected Indian medicinal plant Coccinia grandis (C. grandis) against this isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria causing chronic suppurative otitis media infection (CSOM) along with their in vivo toxicity test using a rat model. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of the effective leaf extract were measured using the micro broth dilution method. Out of 128 samples, 79 samples were identified as positive for bacterial infection. Out of six solvent extracts of C. grandis methanol and ethyl acetate, leaf extracts have shown the best antimicrobial activities compared to the rest of the four solvent extracts. Methanolic extract 1.56 mg/ml and 0.78 mg/ml was the MIC values for the respective plants. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa species are the most common bacterial isolates in CSOM infection. Hence, the causative organism and its drug sensitivity pattern should be carried out before treatment. Due to increasing cases of antibiotic resistance among bacteria, an alternative therapy is the need of the day, especially regarding the needier population with lesser toxicity. Hence, plants can be used as a choice of drugs to treat CSOM infection.

Key words: CSOM; Antibiotic susceptible; Minimum inhibitory concentration; minimum bactericidal concentration; In vivo toxicity analysis