Iodixanol is used intravenously to enhance the visibility of blood vessels in certain diagnostic procedures such as angiography. However, in some patients, it may cause allergic reactions, including rash, pruritus, and anaphylactoid reactions. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence and type of allergic reactions induced by iodixanol contrast media in patients who underwent angiography. This is a cross-sectional retrospective study at Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre in the kingdom of Bahrain. Data were collected from the adverse drug reaction reporting system in the cardiac center for the reactions in the period between January 2017 to October 2020. In this period, a total of 10,000 patients underwent angiography, out of these 230 patients reported adverse drug reactions. The majority of patients (75.2%) suffered from moderate allergic reactions, while these reactions were severe in only 3% of patients. For treatment of these allergic reactions, antihistamines were used in 90% of patients, while 85.7% received corticosteroids. The most common clinical manifestations were rash occurring in 57%, followed by pruritus (44.8%), skin redness (29.6%), urticaria (21.7%), and face swelling (13%). Patients using beta-blockers who are 3044 years of age were more likely to develop an allergic reaction (p-value 0.014).
Key words: Iodixanol, Contrast media, Allergy, Angiography
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