The iodine values of Clemson spineless, Ex-samaru and NHAE-74 are reported to be within the range of semi-drying oils, hence, the oils can be use as raw material in coating industries. This study aimed to prepare alkyd resins from the oils of Clemson spineless, Ex-samaru and NHAE-74 using two polybasic acids (phthalic and maleic anhydride) with varying concentrations of maleic acids. The physical performance, chemical resistance and solubility tests and the viscosity of the alkyd resins were determined. The functional groups of the alkyd resin were also determined through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. One way ANOVA was used to test the significance level of drying time and solubility in different solvents, the adhesion, abrasion, and chemical resistance tests of the alkyd resin were also evaluated. There was no significance (p>0.05) in all the alkyd resins in the drying time tests. The alkyd resins were resistant to distilled water and 5% NaCl(aq) but were fairly affected by 0.1 moldm-3 H2SO4 (changed the colour of the resin) while 0.1 moldm-3 NaOH(aq) completely dissolved all the alkyd resin. The alkyd resins were more soluble in polar than non-polar organic solvents and show excellent resistance to the adhesion and abrasion tests. Analysis of all the alkyd resins showed good performance characteristics, good resistance to distilled water and 5 % sodium chloride solution, fair resistance to the attack of sulphuric acid, all the alkyds shows more solubility in protic (acetone, methanol and ethanol) solvents than aprotic (benzene and xylene) solvents. At the end of the study, it is recommended that, further research should be carried out with view of recommending best formulations of paints and varnishes with the produced alkyd resins with view of finding out the possibility of reducing the importation of alkyd resins in paints industries in Nigeria.
Key words: Alkyd Resin, Semi drying Oil, Abrasion, Adhesion and wetting
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