Abstract

The prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) varies among countries. The aim of this systematic review was to provide reliable information regarding the prevalence of adverse drug reactions in Indonesia. A literature search of the PubMed database and Google Scholar between 2011 and 2021 was performed using the main keywords “adverse drug reaction” and "Indonesia,” with additional keywords based on the database used. We followed the 2020 PRISMA statement guidelines to prepare the review. Critical appraisal and assessment of the risk of bias were performed using the CONSORT, STROBE, CARE, and MINORS guidelines based on the article's type. From 168 articles recorded in the databases, we included 36 articles after the identification, screening, and eligibility assessment processes. The prevalence of ADR in Indonesia ranged from 0.9% to 99% based on drug use, duration, and doses of therapy. Insulin, cardiovascular agents, and anti-inflammatories were the drugs with the highest occurrence of adverse drug reactions (with the maximum percentage in previous research over 60%). The prevalence of ADR in Indonesia is varied and related to the method used in the reporting studies. There is a need for an annual national report on ADR in Indonesia with a similar technique of survey and calculation to produce accurate data on ADR prevalence.

Key words: adverse drug reaction, side effect, Indonesia, systematic review, PRISMA