Mercury chloride (HgCl2) has a potent nephrotoxic effect. Synthesizing new heterocyclic steroids using some chemical strategies could be predictable to have promising efficiency against mercuric chloride-induced acute renal failure. Analytical and spectral data affirmed the structure of the unprecedented heterocyclic steroids. To assess their biological activities, rats were treated with tested compounds after HgCl(2) intraperitoneally injected, daily treatment for another month. In comparison with HgCl(2) group. Synthesized compounds significantly prevented increased serum levels of creatinine, urea, renal lipid peroxidation, and NO levels, decreasing serum GOT, GPT, ALP, TNF-α, and IL-1 β levels and lipid profile concentration, and showed a significant increase in HDL and CAT levels. They moreover, upregulated levels of Nephrin-2 and KIM-1 Genes Expression. Histopathological results supported our biochemical findings. Noteworthy, compounds 6 and 9 in particular, have more antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than compounds 4 and 5 and play a salutary role against HgCl2 toxicity. The biological characteristics of these new generations of heterocyclic steroid derivatives, which are demonstrated by their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, could serve as a useful framework for the continued development of potent therapeutics.
Key words: Heterocyclic, Steroids, Mercuric chloride, Kidney injury, Inflammation
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