Background: Diabetes Mellitus affects approximately 422 million adults worldwide and is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-4) degrades some enterocrinins, which are responsible for glucose metabolism, protection in cardiometabolic disease and immune regulation. The aim of this study is to synthesize the nitrile derivative of metformin to act as an inhibitor of the DPP-4 enzyme which is responsible for regulating blood sugar in relation to the secretion of insulin from beta cells in the pancreas.
Methods: One of the previously prepared nitrile derivatives was used to measure the extent of its effect on rabbits induced by diabetes, where the level of sugar and some enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and hormones (Apelin-36, Leptin, insulin like growth factor) related to the induced disease and its side effects, and a group of rabbits was used to achieve this purpose
Results: The results showed that serum glucose, Apelin, Leptin, Insulin-like growth factor - 1 (IGF-1) levels, Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino transferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the diabetic group.
Conclusion: These results show that the newly synthesized agent is effective in improving the sensitivity of cells to insulin and glucose transition by inhibiting the dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP-4) enzyme, activating incretin hormones, increasing the effectiveness of Apelin, Leptin, IGF-1 with low effect on liver enzymes.
Key words: Apelin, Leptin IGF-1 , Rabbit, Alloxane
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