Drug-induced toxicity negatively affects the quality of life and predisposes to mortality from health-related causes. This study investigated the effects of selected phenolic compounds on isoproterenol (ISP)-induced toxicity related to liver and heart functions in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with 20 mg/kg quercetin, 50 mg/kg catechin, 100 mg/kg coumaric acid, combined doses of the polyphenolic compounds, or 2.5 mg/kg ramipril, for 12 consecutive days and administered with 100 mg/kg ISP on the last 2 days of the treatment. Serum triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) levels, and activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) were evaluated after the treatment. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were also determined. Results revealed increased TG, CHOL, ALP, AST, ALT, LDH, CK, and FBS but decreased GSH levels in the ISP-toxified group compared with the control group. Both the individual and the combined phenolics ameliorated biochemical changes occasioned by ISP administration, with the combined phenolics appearing more potent in ameliorating imbalances in the lipid and FBS levels. Quercetin/catechin ameliorated ISP-induced increase in TG and CHOL levels by 72% and 90% (P < 0.05), respectively. These results indicate that the individual phenolics and their appropriate combinations are protective in ISP-induced toxicity.
Key words: isoproterenol; cardiotoxicity; hepatotoxicity; polyphenols; additive effects
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