We report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) caused by Listeria monocytogenes in
a cirrhotic patient. The listeria was isolated from ascitic fluid. Although a third generation
cephalosporin has usually been employed for empiric treatment of SBP, it does not provide
adequate coverage against Listeria spp. In such cases, use of ampicillin (with or without
sulbactam) or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is recommended. The sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim
is used for secondary prophylaxis, instead of norfloxacin. (Rawal Med J 2010;35: ).
Key words: Listeria monocytogenes, peritonitis, SBP.
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