Beta-cell destruction in Type I DM is prominent that a lead to insulin deficiency and it has to be managed throughout the life. There may not be any better drug if one can stimulate the regeneration/protection of islet. The objective of this study is to isolate the islet and evaluation of protective potential of isolated islet of a phytosaponin. Extraction, isolation of Saponin Momordica dioica was done and purification was achieved through fractional method of TLC that yielded a pure saponin and followed by HPLC, LCMS, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR were obtained for characterization. Optimized the best method of the isolation of rat pancreatic islets and Islet viability, potential, insulin secretion, intra islet contents were performed and also insulin assay protective properties were assessed. Key findings: The most optimum method was found to be the pancreas mincing and Collagenase Type XI digestion followed by cell straining (500μm), Ficoll gradient centrifugation and cell straining (70μm). Our study thus demonstrates that islets could be isolated in sufficient numbers with decent functionality and viability adopting the modified mincing technique instead of the cumbersome perfusion one. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion showed the islets secreted insulin in a dose dependent manner with respect to the different concentrations of glucose compared with their respective group indicating its functionality. MDA and NO results in STZ and high glucose conditions help in establishing the beta cell protective activity of Saponin Momordica dioica. All of these results are a promising sign of the anti-hyperglycaemic activity.
Key words: Saponin, Momordica dioica, Islet, STZ-high glucose induced cytotoxicity and Insulin
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