Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents the most frequent endocrine disorder of pregnancy. Prevalence of GDM is increasing worldwide. Hence, impact of GDM on maternal and fetal health is a major concern and important from research point of view.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate risk factors associated with GDM and potential maternal complications of GDM.
Materials and Methods: A total of 900 antenatal women of gestational age >24 weeks were screened for GDM using 50 g glucose challenge test followed by oral glucose tolerance test. Based on the American diabetes association criteria, 30 women were diagnosed with GDM cases and followed till their deliveries. Data regarding risk factors associated with GDM and percentage distribution of maternal complications associated with risk factors were recorded.
Results: Complications of pre-eclampsia and polyhydramnios were found in 20% and 10% cases, respectively.
Conclusion: High maternal age, increased parity, previous GDM history, and a family history of DM are the predisposing risk factors for the development of GDM. Information about the risks of GDM could potentially help to incorporate early intervention measures and prevent maternal morbidities.
Key words: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Oral Glucose Tolerance Test; Risk Factors; Pre-eclampsia; Polyhydramnios
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