Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), up to 18% of the whole population in Saudi Arabia have DM (diabetes mellitus). Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrinal diseases among Type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders among T1DM patients.
Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted on 239 patients with T1DM and data on the levels of HgA1c, TSH, T3, and T4 were collected from patients' files.
Results: Abnormal levels of HbA1c, TSH, T3, and T4 were present in 99.6%, 11.3%, 69.5% and 12.1% of patients respectively. The mean HgA1C was 9.781 ± 2.12, and for TSH it was 3.71± 10.67 uU/mL. The mean value for free T3 level was 6.42 ± 1.320 pmol/L, and for T4 levels it was 11.30 ± 2.486 pmol/L. No statistically significant relationship was found between the levels of HgA1c, TSH, T3 or T4, and both age groups and gender of the participants. T3 levels were significantly higher among pump users compared to metered-dose inhaler (MDI) users.
Conclusions: This study calls for the assessment of thyroid profile in all type 1 diabetic patients in their routine evaluation to allow early detection and management of any thyroid dysfunction among those patients.
Key words: Thyroid disorders, type one diabetes mellitus, endocrine disorders, prevalence, Saudi Arabia
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