Abstract

Objective: To find and analyze the spectrum of renal disease in a tertiary care hospital of South Punjab.
Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted at the department of Pediatric Medicine, Nephrology Unit, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan from January 2020 to December 2021. Children aged 1 to 12 years of either sex were examined for the presence of renal disease after taking detailed history, physical examination, and lab testing. The data were collected from the Nephrology outpatient record.
Results: Of the 15570 children admitted during the study period, 1408 (9.0%) had renal disease. Among children with renal disease, 861 (61.2%) were male. Most of the children were from age groups 1-3 years (41.5%) and 4-6 years (41.7%). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was noted in 678 (48.2%) while 261 (18.5%) had nephrotic syndrome. Admissions due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) were 139 (9.8%).
Conclusion: Renal diseases are a major contributor to pediatric morbidity. Male gender and younger age groups were more affected with renal diseases.

Key words: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal diseases, nephrotic syndrome.