Abstract

Background: Epidemics can lead the public to experience depression and anxiety. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), studies carried out to assess the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic effect on the people are limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taif city, KSA.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 602 Saudi residents using a predesigned questionnaire to collect their demographic data. The Arabic validated versions of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) scale was used to assess anxiety and the Beck Depression Inventory was used to assess depression.
Results: The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe depression was 22.4%, 14.5%, and 8%, respectively, and the prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe anxiety was 25.8%, 11.8% and 6.2%, respectively. Female participants, those with an age ≥ 51 years, those with a bachelor’s degree in education, and those with a low income had a significantly higher percentage of participants with severe depression. Female participants, those with a low income and unemployed, had a significantly higher rate of participants with moderate and severe anxiety. A highly significant positive correlation was found between depression and anxiety scores.
Conclusion: The present study found there is a need to increase public awareness about coping with stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Key words: Psychological, behavior, public, COVID-19, epidemic, Taif.