Background: Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by severe cytopenias due to uncontrolled hemophagocytosis. Other laboratory signs and clinical symptoms result from disordered immune regulation, and cytokine storm is well recognized. It is often a fatal complication of infections. It is not as uncommon as thought of previously.
Case Presentation: We discuss a 7-year-old boy, born out of non-consanguineous marriage with acute hepatitis A infection, who developed HLH during treatment and was successfully managed with methyl prednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisone therapy.
Conclusion: Secondary HLH is a rare complication in a case of hepatitis A. A high index of suspicion at the early stage of HLH may produce a favorable outcome.
Key words: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hepatitis A, injectable methyprednisolone, oral prednisolone, ferritin, triglycerides.
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