Development of antibacterial agent is increasingly gaining much attention due to the expansion activity of multi-drug resistant bacteria in causing many diseases. Nanotechnology in platform of metallic nanoparticles especially gold nanoparticles is one of new promising material to be developed as antibacterial agent. Gold nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using Uncaria gambir Roxb. leaf extract as bioreducing agent and triethanolamine as capping agent, through reduction of Au+3 by flavonoid compound in leaf extract. The effect of triethanolamine and hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) acid concentration on stability and size of nanoparticles were studied. The presence of triethanolamine 1% as capping agent successfully maintained the stability of colloidal gold nanoparticles with a concentration of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) acid was 100 ppm. Fourier Transform Infra-Red analysis revealed active group involved in reaction was hydroxyl group. X-Ray Diffraction analysis showed peak patterns corresponding to metallic gold standard with crystallite size of 32.52 nm. Transmission Electron Microscope analysis showed that particles were spherical, hexagonal, and triangular with the smallest particle size was 7 nm. Synthesized gold nanoparticles showed great antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The stability and antibacterial activity of synthesized gold nanoparticles showed good potential to be developed in biomedical application.
Key words: Green synthesis, gold nanoparticles, Uncaria gambir Roxb., triethanolamine, biomedical applications, bioreducing agent.
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