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Original Research



Evaluation of HbA1c and tuberculin test in wound complications of surgical patients with diabetes

RN Meena, R Khanna, LP Meena, SK Tiwary, AK Khanna.




Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a global epidemic and India is regarded as the “diabetes capital of world”. Wound healing deficit are often seen in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Aims & Objective: The present study was undertaken to correlate HbA1c level and plasma glucose level with wound complications in postoperative wounds in diabetic patients, to find out relationship of HbA1c and tuberculin test with wound complications, to correlate the role of HbA1c and tuberculin test in prediction of wound complications.

Materials and Methods: The study is a prospective analysis of 100 patients from June 2006 to June 2008, in University Hospital in North India. All known diabetic and recently diagnosed diabetic patients with surgical illness were included in the study. All patients were investigated for HbA1c (by micromatTM Hemoglobin A1c test), Mantoux test (intradermally injecting 0.1 ml Tuberculin PPD with tuberculin syringe), blood sugar F/PP, serum albumin. Wound complications have been noted in postoperative period along with co-morbid condition of patients. Selected patients are divided in four group (i) clean wound; (ii) clean contaminated; (iii) contaminated and (iv) diabetic foot / dirty wound.

Results: Out of 100 diabetic patients, male to female ratio was 3:2. Maximum number of patients are in age group of 51-60 years, 51 out of 100 patients were associated with comorbid condition. HbA1c level in diabetic patients were < 6 in 13%, 6-8 in 43%, 8-10 in 30% and >10 percent in 14% patients. Mantoux test was positive in 31 out of 92 patients. Wound complication was present in 54 patients, mostly in uncontrolled diabetes. Out of 99 patients, 41 have clean wound, 31 have clean contaminated, 6 contaminated and 21 patients having dirty / diabetic foot.

Conclusion: Study show a fair correlation between HbA1c, Mantoux test and wound complication. There is decrease in cell mediated immunity leading to decrease in mantoux test positivity and increase in wound complication.

Key words: Diabetes; Tuberculin Test; HbA1c Level; Wound Healing






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