Repetitive, unfamiliar eccentric exercises lead to an ultrastructural muscle injury in the form of exercise-induced muscle damage. It is a common reason for decreased performance in sports and training. It is manifested by decreased muscle strength, pain, and restricted movements, swelling, stiffness, tenderness, and adjacent joint dysfunction. Mechanical damage and subsequent inflammatory process ascribed the initial muscle injury. There is a failure of excitation-contraction coupling. The impact of high muscle forces can be a source of muscle damage, accumulation of toxic waste products, and sensory nerve damage. Active muscle increases the metabolic rate and enhances the production of byproducts. There is an increased level of creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. These systemic and local physiological consequences lead to the typical symptoms peak at 24-48 hours after the strenuous activity.
Key words: Exercise-induced muscle damage, eccentric exercises, muscle injury, Muscle strain.
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