Background: COVID 19 is associated with high prevalence of diabetes along with other comorbidities which also increase the severity and mortality risk in COVID 19 disease. Recently many studies have shown the association between COVID 19 and new onset diabetes. This study was done with objectives1.To find out the incidence of new onset of hyperglycemia/diabetes in COVID 19 patients and 2.To develop screening policy for detection of new onset hyperglycemia in COVID-19 patients
Materials and methods: This study is a hospital based observational cross sectional and prospective, cohort study conducted in the COVID ICU of Dedicated COVID Hospital, Bundelkhand Government Medical College, Sagar (M.P.) India, a teaching tertiary care centre. Out of 1562 COVID 19 positive patients admitted with moderate to severe pneumonia from JULY 2020 to JANUARY 2021, 487 patients were hyperglycemic at the time of admission. Patients were categorized into two subgroups: 1.Patients with previously confirmed diabetes or Prediabetes and 2.Hyperglycemia with no existing diabetes. Patients in this later subgroup were our follow up subjects for this study; their blood sugar level was monitored regularly during their stay in hospital & a correlation of COVID 19 and hyperglycemia was observed.
Results: In present study Incidence of new onset hyperglycemia was 16.8%; 262 out of 1562. Of all 1562 patients admitted in hospital, 660 (44.7%) were found to be hyperglycemic. Among 660 patients, 436 (66.06%) patients were already known diabetic or pre-diabetic and 262 (16.8) were with newly onset hyperglycemia. 15 out of 262 (5.7%) patients were expired during their disease course, 157(60%) remained hyperglycemic while 90 (34.3) had attained normoglycemia without anti-diabetic drugs.
Conclusion: COVID 19 disease is causative factor for new onset hyperglycemia /new onset diabetes
Key words: covid 19 disease, diabetes, new onset hyperglycemia, moderate to severe pneumonia
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