Abstract

Modern warfare no longer confines its impact to battlefields. Contemporary conflicts increasingly expose entire civilian populations to violence, insecurity, displacement, and sustained psychological stress. Precision weapons, drone strikes, and urban combat have shifted the geography of war from military frontlines to civilian environments. Hospitals, schools, markets, and residential areas frequently become sites of destruction. As a result, the mental health consequences of war, through a ripple effect, extend far beyond combatants and affect entire societies.

Key words: War, anxiety, depression.