Abstract

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is prevalent in adults and has been implicated in adverse cardiovascular outcomes through mechanisms encompassing endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidaemia, and impaired myocardial contractility. However, the extent to which cardiovascular risk varies by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) severity, age, and clinical context remains uncertain. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Eligible studies compared cardiovascular outcomes in adults with SCH versus euthyroid controls and reported adjusted effect estimates. Random-effects models were used to pool hazard ratios (HRs). Stratified analyses were performed by TSH threshold (

Key words: Subclinical hypothyroidism, cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, TSH threshold, meta-analysis