Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the sleep quality and prevalence of insomnia among physicians and nurses working in Jazan University Hospital in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, and to assess its effects and associated factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 physicians and nurses using a structured self-ad ministered questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Results: Poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) was observed in 58 participants (60.4%), while 38 (39.6%) reported good sleep quality. Delayed bedtime at or after 1:00 AM was reported by 29 participants (30.2%), and short sleep duration (30 minutes) was noted in 31 participants (32.3%). Daytime dysfunction (mean = 1.7) and reduced sleep duration (mean = 1.6) were the most affected PSQI components. Subjectively, sleep was rated as very good or fairly good by 71 participants (74.0%). No sociodemographic variables showed a statistically significant association with poor sleep quality (all p > 0.05), although male gender demonstrated a borderline association (OR = 2.76, p = 0.078).
Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and insomnia-related symptoms were highly prevalent among physicians and nurses in Jazan University hospital settings. The absence of strong sociodemographic predictors suggested that occupational factors might play a more critical role. These findings underscore the need for workplace-based interventions focusing on sleep health promotion, optimized scheduling, and stress management to improve healthcare professionals’ well-being and performance.

Key words: prevalence, insomnia, physician, nurse, Jazan University Hospital, Saudi Arabia