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The effect of metronomic versus a single dose of cyclophosphamide treatment on liver and kidney functionality after short and long-term post treatment

Sabry El-Naggar.




Abstract
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Several anticancer agents were tested in the preclinical settings to create a good condition for immunotherapies including cyclophosphamide (CTX) as metronomic or as a single dose treatment. This study aims to address the direct impact of the treatment with a metronomic versus a single dose of CTX on the liver and kidney functions after short and long-term post treatment. Forty-eight (48) albino mice (CD1) were divided into 3 groups (n = 16/group) as following; group one (Gp1) which served as a control, group 2 (Gp2) has injected with a metronomic dose of CTX (40 mg/kg/day for consecutive 5 days) and group 3 (Gp3) has injected only one time with a single dose of CTX (200 mg/kg). After 7 days post treatment, 50% of mice from each group were sacrificed. The rest of mice were sacrificed after 42 days (6-wks). Body weights changes and glucose level were assessed weekly until the end of the experiment. Blood sera were separated at each time point and kept at - 80°C for conducting the biochemical measurements including liver enzymes (AST and ALT), and kidney function (Urea and Creatinine). The results showed there is a significant change in the body weight after 7 and 42 days in Gp3, when compared with Gp1. Level of blood glucose increased in the Gp3 on day 7 post treatment. Interestingly, the glucose level in Gp2 was higher than its level in Gp3 on day 14. The results showed that levels AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, cholesterol and triglycerides were increased in Gp3 either after short time or after long time post treatment. In summary, treatment with a metronomic dose of CTX showed less toxic severity on the liver and kidney than the treatment with a single dose of CTX.

Key words: Metronomic, Cyclophosphamide, Liver, Pancreas, treatment






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