Objective: To analyse medicinal plant Rhazya stricta for phytochemicals in various plant segments.
Methodology: Root, stem, leaves, flowers and seeds of Rhazya stricta were collected, dried and ground, extracted and were screened for phytochemicals. The phytochemical screening including, phenolic compounds, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, glycoside, terpenoid. Steroid, saponin, protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, fat and oil were investigated.
Result: The moisture and ash content were present in decreasing order stem, leave and flower. Highest percentage of protein was found in the leaves (40.7%) and carbohydrate in the stem (34.9%). Phenolic compounds ranged from 1.24-1.4%, flavonoid 0.30-0.74%, tannin 0.57-0.64%, and alkaloid 0.13-3.5%. The significant content of iron was found in root (249.2mg/Kg) and stem (337.92mg/Kg). Seeds were rich sources of sodium and zinc. Almost all parts of plant indicated good source of magnesium. Manganese 59.5mg/kg and copper 9.7mg/kg were in the flower and manganese 44.08mg/kg and copper 8.08mg/kg in the stem. The cadmium was absent in the plant. Average amount of chromium 7.68mg/Kg and nickel 2.96mg/Kg were detected in the leaves. The highest concentration of antioxidant was in leaves (0.56%). Flower, seed and root were highly active against selected bacteria as compared to other parts. Roots and seeds were highly active against Staphylococcus aurous and seeds extract highly active against Klebsiella pneumonia.
Conclusion: Analysis revealed several important chemicals in this medicinal plant, which can be used for development of useful drugs.
Key words: Rhazya stricta, phytochemical, biological Activity, medicinal new drugs
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