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Anti-nociceptive and anti- inflammatory activities of the methanol extract of Waltheria americana leaf in experimental animals.

Idowu Olumorin Owemidu, Mujeedat Adebukola Olubori, Oluwaseun Samuel Faborode, Oluwatobi Stephen Oloyede, Samuel Adetunji Onasanwo.




Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Waltheria americana has been used in African folklore for the treatment of minor and complicated ailments like pain, fever and rheumatism. Aim: To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory potentials of Waltheria americana, and its possible mechanism of action in Swiss mice and Wistar rats, respectively. Materials and Methods: Methanol extract of Waltheria americana leaf was evaluated for anti-nociceptive activities (using tail flick, formalin-induced paw licking and acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice), and possible mechanisms of action using Atropine (5mg/kg i.p), prazosin (1mg/kg p.o), glibenclamide (8mg/kg p.o), propranolol (40mg/kg p.o), naloxone (2mg/kg i.p) nifedipine (10 mg/kg p.o) using acetic acid and tail-flick models of analgesia. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tests. Results: Acute toxicity revealed no mortality in the mice up to a dose of 2000mg/kg. The phytochemistry revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids. The extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) produced inhibition (p

Key words: Anti-nociception, Waltheria americana, Nifedipine, Prazosin, Atropine, anti-inflammatory






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