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A Comparative Study on Micronutrients and Antinutrients of Leaf Extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Pterocarpus santalinoides

Emmanuel Okezie, Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike, Uwadinachi Adaugo, Okeke Sonachi, Achulonu Victor.




Abstract

Aim: The micronutrients and antinutrients of leaf extracts of Pterocarpus soyauxii and Pterocarpus santaiinoides were investigated.

Methods: The leaf extracts were air-dried for seven (7) days and pulverized using a mechanical homogenizer, and then passed through 0.5 mm mesh size sieve. They were subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, standard titrations and quantitative assay for micronutrients, vitamins and antinutrients determinations respectively.

Results: The micronutrients assay revealed the presence of calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), copper (Cu2+), zinc (Zn2+), iron (Fe2+), magnesium (Mg2+), manganese (Mn2+) and phosphorous (P) in the two plant samples. The highest micro element found was Potassium (K+) and least was copper (Cu2+) with 882.00 mg/100 g and 0.31 mg/100 g in Pterocarpus santalinoides respectively, while Pterocarpus soyauxii have (K+) 736.00 mg/100 g and (Cu2+) 0.48 mg/100 g. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were observed in Ca2+, K+, Cu2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+ amount, while non-significant differences were found in Zn2+, Mg2+ and P when comparatively tested. The results obtained revealed the presence of two fat soluble vitamins (Vitamins A and E) and two water soluble vitamins (B2 and C). Vitamin C content was found to be higher in Pterocarpus santalinoides (21.09 mg/100 g) and lower in Pterocarpus soyauxii (14.61 mg/100 g), while least vitamin content recorded was Vitamin E with 0.02 mg/100g and 0.03 mg/100g in Pterocarpus soyauxii and Pterocarpus santalinoides respectively. Other quantified antinutrients were alkaloids, oxalates and cyanogenic glycosides, which range from 0.07 to 2.50 %. Significant difference (p < 0.05) were observed in oxalate, alkaloid and cyanogenic glycosides amount of the two specimens.

Conclusion: The result showed that the leaf extracts contain appreciable number of micronutrients, vitamins and low level of antinutrients and could contribute to the recommended daily allowance of the body.

Key words: Micronutrients, antinutrients, Pterocarpus soyauxii and Pterocarpus santalinoides






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