Extrapulmonary small cell cancer (ESCC) of the prostate represents less than 1% of the prostate carcinomas and has a poor prognosis. A 63-year-old male patient presented with dysuria and nocturia and the initial ultrasonography and CT revealed a prostatic mass. On initial 18F-FDG PET-CT, the prostatic mass showed intense FDG uptake and multiple abdominal lymph nodes (LNs) with intense uptake were visualized. Prostatectomy wasdone and ESCC of prostate was diagnosed pathologically. First follow-up 18F-FDG PET-CT after chemo-radiation therapy showed near complete remission of the disease. However, second follow-up 18F-FDG PET-CT showed multiple distant metastases in lung, LNs, bone and brain.
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