Abstract

Abstract:
Background
Excessive smartphone use is consistently associated with changes in cervical posture, also known as Text Neck Syndrome, characterized by a diminished craniovertebral angle (CVA) and a head-forward posture. While research has focused on its musculoskeletal consequences—pain, stiffness, and fatigue—there is a gap in research on its effects on breathing. In the context of posture, changes in cervical alignment can potentially restrict thoracic mobility, impair diaphragm efficiency, and alter lung mechanics, thereby impairing lung function.
Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the impact of smartphone-induced Text Neck Syndrome on the respiratory function of young adults.
Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 university students and office workers (mean age 22.4 ± 2.3 years). Participants were categorized into a Text Neck group (CVA < 50°) and a Non-Text Neck group (CVA ≥ 50 °), as determined via digital photogrammetry. Data was collected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Pulmonary function was assessed using standardized spirometry, including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). Normality was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for group comparisons, and Spearman's rank correlation was used to identify correlations between respiratory parameters and CVA.
Results:
This research aims to determine whether students and office workers with Text Neck demonstrate significantly lower lung function values than those with normal posture. Specifically, FVC (p = 0.02), FEV1 (p = 0.01), and PEFR (p = 0.04) were all reduced in the Text Neck group. CVA was significantly lower (p < 0.001), and smartphone use duration was significantly higher (p = 0.008) in the Text Neck group. Spearman correlation analysis showed strong positive associations between CVA and respiratory outcomes: FVC (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.001), FEV1 (ρ = 0.39, p = 0.002), and PEFR (ρ = 0.33, p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
The study shows that having a forward head posture from smartphone use can harm lung function in young adults. Good neck posture is essential for healthy lungs. Keeping the neck in a better position may help protect breathing and lung health.

Key words: Craniovertebral Angle, Forward head Posture, Pulmonary Function Tests, Smartphone Use, Spirometry, Text Neck Syndrome, Young Adults