Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health problem which is often associated with comorbidity hypertension and heart-related issues. Gender-specific patterns in these associations remain underexplored, especially in Middle Eastern populations. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the association of gender with the odds of hypertension and heart disease among diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Methods: A national health dataset was used for a cross-sectional analysis. Participants were stratified by diabetes status. We used chi-square tests to determine if gender affects the presence of hypertension and heart disease in each group. Results: Non-diabetics showed slightly higher prevalence of hypertension among males (6.2%) than females (5.7%) (p=0.001) and significantly higher prevalence of heart disease among males (4.4%) than (1.9%) (p

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Heart disease, Gender differences, Kaggle.