Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the pan-immune inflammation value (PIIV) and disease activity and organ involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Materials and Methods: The study included 50 adult SLE patients diagnosed according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria and 35 healthy controls. The PIIV was calculated using the [neutrophil × platelet × monocyte] / lymphocyte formula. Disease activity was assessed using SLEDAI-2K. The relationship between PIIV and clinical characteristics, organ involvement, disease activity, and laboratory parameters was analysed.
Results: PIIV were significantly higher in SLE patients than in the control group (p < 0.001). PIIV were significantly higher in patients with cardiac involvement than in those without (p < 0.05). PIIV were significantly lower in patients using hydroxychloroquine than in those not using it (p = 0.019). However, no statistically significant correlation was found between PIIV and SLEDAI score (p = 0.532).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the PIIV, which is higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls, could be useful for diagnosing SLE. The finding that PIIV are elevated in patients with cardiovascular involvement, and low in those taking hydroxychloroquine, suggests that PIIV could be used as a biomarker to predict and monitor cardiovascular involvement risk in SLE patients.

Key words: Systemic lupus erythematosus; pan-immune inflammation value; disease activity; cardiac involvement