Abstract

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition that significantly affects quality of life. However, its impact on both physical and mental health in Saudi Arabia remains underexplored. This study sought to assess these aspects in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 22, 2024, and February 12, 2025. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that was distributed on various social media platforms.
Results: A total of 386 study participants, including 119 GERD cases and 267 healthy controls, from Saudi Arabia were included. Physical component scores (PCS) were significantly lower among GERD patients (63.8± 13.8) compared to controls (73.9 ± 14.4; p = 0.001). Mental component summary (MCS) scores showed no significant overall difference (p = 0.739), but regression analysis indicated that frequent GERD episodes were associated with lower MCS (p = 0.035). Severity and frequency of symptoms, as well as presence of comorbidities, were significant predictors of lower PCS. Age was positively associated with MCS.
Conclusion: GERD significantly reduces physical health and negatively affects mental health in patients with frequent or severe symptoms. Early diagnosis, symptom-focused management, and public education are essential to improve the quality of life in GERD patients.

Key words: GERD, Cross sectional, SF-12, Physical health, Mental health, Saudi Arabia, Quality of Life.