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Mini-STRs Screening of 12 Relatives of Hausa Origin in Northern Nigeria

Utomobong Utomobong Akpan, Khalid Olajide Adekoya, Emmanuel Temitope Awe, Nura Garba, Gbemisola OgunCoker, Shina Ojo.




Abstract

The forensic identification of genetically closely related human individuals among has often been difficult, because they often have strong phenotypic concordances. Short tandem repeats (STRs) have been used in kinship tracing, identifying missing person and skeletal remains, paternity testing and mass disasters victim identification. This research was performed to determine the efficiency of the miniSTRsD14S1434 and D9S1122 in differentiating between closely related persons in a Nigerian samples. The sample consisted of twelve individuals who self-identify as relatives (a set of three brothers, two cohorts of two cousins and one set of uncle-nephews). DNA extracted from blood was amplified using primers for the two miniSTR loci. Optimal amplification parameters were determined. The PCR products were resolved on 4% Agarose gel with a 20bp ladder. Allele sizes were determined by comparing with the ladder. An initial denaturation for 3 min at 95°C with an annealing temperature at 57.4°C and 30 cycles of PCR produced the best result. Different alleles of the markers D9S1122 (9, 10, 12, 13, 14,15,16) and D14S1434 (13,15,17,19,20) were identified in the samples studied with a high degree of heterozygozity as seen in the computed estimates of 0.8000 and 0.6364 for the D9S1122 and D14S1434 loci respectively. The markers show a combined probability of exclusion of 0.94 for the population and 0.97 for siblings. The mini-STR typing is a robust genetic tool for identifying family relationships and will be an important marker for forensic work and DNA typing in Nigeria.

Key words: STRs; identification; Hausa; Nigeria; Alleles






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