Abstract

Background: Social media platforms have become an integral part of daily life, serving as essential tools for communication, information exchange, and entertainment. However, excessive engagement with these platforms has been linked to various negative psychological outcomes. This study aimed to assess the relationship between TikTok addiction and abnormal attention spans among young adults, focusing on usage patterns, sleep disruption, and impacts on daily functioning.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students in Western Saudi Arabia from February to May 2024. A structured questionnaire developed by the authors assessed TikTok usage duration, frequency, and its effects on sleep, relationships, and academic performance. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27.
Results: Among 393 participants, 320 (81.4%) had been using TikTok for over a year, and 380 (96.9%) reported using the platform within the past 6 months. Of those, 164 (41.7%) used TikTok daily for less than 2 hours, 193 (49.1%) for 2-6 hours, and 36 (9.2%) for more than 6 hours. The frequency of use varied: 71% used TikTok daily, 14.5% every 2 days, and 14.5% occasionally. Additionally, 334 participants (85.0%) reported using TikTok during their breaks. Regarding sleep, 227 (57.8%) indicated that TikTok usage disrupted their sleep routine. However, 234 participants (59.5%) who used TikTok excessively did not report negative effects on their relationships, jobs, or academic performance.
Conclusion: TikTok usage showed minimal association with impaired attention among young adults. However, persistent and excessive use of social media may contribute to long-term cognitive and behavioral changes, particularly in younger populations. Continued research is essential to evaluate the potential consequences of digital overuse on attention and overall mental well-being.

Key words: Addiction; Attention; Cognitive Function; Social Media; TikTok; Young Adults.