Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), its symptoms, and risk factors among the Al-Madinah population.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2024 with 496 participants aged 18 years or older, both Saudi and non-Saudi, who could read Arabic and use electronic forms. A structured questionnaire consisting of 26 items was used to assess knowledge. Knowledge levels were classified as good, fair, or poor and analyzed based on demographic variables.
Results: Overall, 83% of participants had heard of GERD. Women demonstrated significantly higher knowledge than men (p-value = 0.001), and educational level was a key determinant of awareness (p-value = 0.01). Awareness of risk factors varied, with 84.4% recognizing carbonated drinks as a trigger but lower recognition for factors such as family history (47.7%) and use of pain relievers (41.3%). Symptom awareness was also inconsistent, with acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, and a lump-in-throat sensation being the most recognized. The primary sources of information were the Internet and television, followed by healthcare providers.
Conclusion: GERD awareness was high, but knowledge remains poor regarding risk factors, especially pain relievers, tight clothes, frequent snacks, and family history. The study recommended targeted educational initiatives to improve public understanding of GERD.

Key words: Saudi Arabia, Al-Madinah, GERD awareness, risk factors, symptoms