Abstract

Background: T Skin cancer is one of the most common malignancies globally, yet awareness and protective behaviors remain limited in many populations. In Vietnam, there is a lack of research examining knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to skin cancer, particularly among future healthcare providers. Objective: This study aimed to assess the current levels of KAP regarding skin cancer and sun protection and to identify associated factors among medical students at Hanoi Medical University. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 923 undergraduate medical students at Hanoi Medical University during the 2024–2025 academic year. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire, including validated scales for knowledge (SCSK), attitudes (SSEAS), and practices (SEPI). Results: The mean knowledge score was 13.84 (SD = 3.3), with 57.7% of students classified as having low knowledge. Attitude scores were moderate, with 33.4% demonstrating a positive attitude. Practices were poor overall, with 71.4% engaging in inadequate sun protection behaviors. Higher knowledge was associated with academic program, year of study, gender, ethnicity, rural background, personal or family history of skin cancer, and trusted information sources. Favorable attitudes were linked to academic year, program, having freckles, exposure to reliable information, and beliefs about sunscreen. Better practices were associated with being female, in later years, having skin conditions, previous sunburn, internet use, and a preference for lighter skin. Conclusion: The study revealed substantial gaps in skin cancer knowledge and protective behaviors among medical students, despite generally favorable attitudes. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions, especially during early academic training, to enhance skin cancer prevention efforts among future healthcare professionals.

Key words: Skin cancer prevention, Medical students, Knowledge, attitudes, practices.