Abstract

Background:
Pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography (PWDE) is a practical, non-invasive imaging assessment method which has been utilized to reveal details about the characteristics, direction, timing, and velocity of blood flow of heart under both healthy and diseased conditions.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to report normal heart image and chamber measurements, hematobiochemical profile, and PWDE in racing camels.

Methods:
In order to accomplish this, blood samples, PWDE, and echocardiograms were taken from 20 healthy racing camels aged 14 - 20 years and weighing 500-650 kg.

Results:
Red blood cell (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cell (WBCs) were recorded along with their mean values (11.4 (×106), 12.8 (gm/dl), 32.1 %, 28.3 (fL), 14.1 (×103), respectively. The mean values of calcium (13 mg/dl), phosphorus (3.9 mg/dl), sodium (194.2 mmol/l), potassium (5.5 mmol/l), alanine transaminase (ALT) (26.6 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (95 U/L), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (0.3 ng/ml). The interventricular septum, atria, and ventricles were viewed in a caudal long-axis four-chamber view in the 4th or 5th intercostal space (ICS) on both sides. The right ventricle, left ventricle, and interventricular septum were evident in the short-axis picture of the cardiac ventricles that was acquired in the 4th (ICS). The M mode was employed to obtain cardiac measurements from every camel. Using a PWD at the left parasternal longitudinal axis, the mitral valve (Mv), tricuspid valve (Tv), and maximum aortic valve velocity are determined in all camels. On the right is the measurement of the pulmonary valve.

Conclusion:
Our study's findings showed that adult racing camels can have normal heart dimensions and acquire high-quality echocardiograms and PWDE. This work may serve as a guide for future research on racing camels suffering from heart conditions.

Key words: Racing camels, Hematobiochemical variables, Echocardiography, Pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography