Abstract

Jembrana illness is an infectious disease that affects Balinese cattle in Indonesia. This disease is caused by the Jembrana Disease Virus (JDV), a lentivirus from the Retroviridae family. It was initially detected in 1964 in Jembrana Regency, Bali Island, Indonesia. Bali cattle have been widely disseminated over the Indonesian archipelago, and there is evidence that Jembrana disease has affected Bali cattle on the islands of Bali, Sumatra, and Java. During the acute stage, the JDV is found in secreted fluids such as saliva, milk, and nasal secretions. There is no evidence of clinical illness recurrence in animals that have survived acute JDV infection. Clinical symptoms of Jembrana illness in cattle include elevated fever, bloody diarrhea in the stool, increased salivation, and enlarged lymph nodes. Jembrana illness is transmitted through direct contact between sick and healthy cows. This disease is also considered to be spread by blood-sucking insects including flies, fleas, and mosquitoes. The most common risk factors are unregulated animal traffic movements that are not even under the supervision of animal health officers. Livestock producers suffered immediate financial losses as a result of the local epidemic of the Jembrana illness. Although Jembrana disease currently has no known cure, it can be prevented with vaccination. In order to stop the spread of Jembrana disease, livestock travel must also be considered.

Key words: Bali cattle, Infectious disease, JDV, Jembrana, Virus