Abstract

This systematic review attempts to evaluate and compile available data to generate estimates of the value of cardiac ultrasonography (US) for acute myocardial ischemic patients presented to the emergency department with chest pain. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement was followed in the course of this investigation. Comprehensive searches were conducted in Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and CINAHL from 2014 to 2024 without the use of any filters or language restrictions. Search terms that were utilized were emergency, myocardial ischemia, and ultrasound. The study included cross-sectional studies of treatments with data on diagnostic value as well as case-control, randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies. Five studies total - four cohort studies and one observational cross-sectional study - were included in this systematic review. The researchers employed reference diagnosis, chart review, and ultrasound conducted by a cardiologist as their criteria. Targeted conditions included cardiovascular illnesses, myocardial infarction, and acute coronary syndrome. The emergency physicians or emergency medicine (EM) residents conducted the US research. Cardiologists and EM residents comparably used echocardiography and focused cardiac ultrasounds. This means that for those who were first suspected of having heart problems, it might serve as a trustworthy tool and screening test.

Key words: Cardiac ultrasonography, acute myocardial ischemia, chest pain, emergency department, systemic review