The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and prevalence of vitiligo in the Saudi population. A comprehensive computerized search of pertinent databases was carried out to find research that satisfied the requirements of inclusion. To locate relevant studies, PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were all searched. The prevalence of vitiligo among the Saudi population ranged from 0% among school children to 7%. The results indicated that genetic factors, such as family history and parental consanguinity, contribute significantly to the vitiligo prevalence in Saudi Arabia. Localized vitiligo was the most common form, with stress identified as a key trigger for disease progression. Consanguinity in marriages further increased disease prevalence, highlighting the need for genetic counseling and public awareness programs to reduce the impact of vitiligo. This study emphasized the contribution of stress and genetic predisposition to the development of vitiligo in the Saudi population. By focusing on these factors, healthcare providers can improve prevention and management strategies through genetic counseling, stress management, and community education. However, future research with more extensive population data and deeper exploration of various risk factors is essential to refine these strategies and enhance patient care.
Key words: Vitiligo, risk factors, prevalence, Saudi Arabia, systematic review
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