Irrigation solutions and viscoelastic agents used in the ophthalmic intraocular procedures are essential for ideal
surgical results.
Corneal endothelium and other intraocular tissues are best protected when bathed with solutions similar to the
chemical composition of aqueous humor. It is important to note that the ideal irrigation solution should contain
bicarbonate buffer, glucose, glutathione and calcium. Osmolarity and pH of the irrigation solutions are also
important. Viscoelastic agents protect corneal endothelium and epithelium from mechanical trauma, maintain and
stabilize both the anterior chamber and capsular bag volumes.
Both the irrigation solutions and viscoelastic agents must have lesser drawbacks, and ensure suitable surgical
space for surgeon.
In this study we have reviewed general properties, clinical uses, and complications of the irrigation solutions and
the viscoelastic agents.
Key Words: Irrigation solutions , Viscoelastic agents
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