Obstructive hypertrophy with adenoid and/or tonsil inflammation is one of the most common problems in pediatric group patients. Especially adenoid tissue, which is a component of Waldeyer’s ring, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media, according to its anatomic position, when inflamed and/or enlarged. Therefore, adenoid surgery is thought to have a role in the management of otitis media with effusion. According to the relationship between the adenoid tissue and eustachian tube, it has been accepted that an inflammation that occurs in adenoid tissue can lead to transmission of infection to the middle ear and eventually can cause acute infections in the middle ear .Also hypertrophy of the adenoid tissue can lead to obstruction or dysfunction of eustachian tube, and effusion in the middle ear as a result. If the consisting effusion is not treated, it might cause adhesive otitis media or the other middle ear pathologies, which results with irreversible conductive hearing loss. Therefore, the early diagnosis and treatment is important in these patients. The aim of the adenoidectomy in these patients is to remove both chronically infected and the tissue causing the obstruction. Adenoid surgery is inevitable when adenoid tissue leads to complaints of snoring or nasal congestion because of hypertrophy. But, treatment modality in patients who have not shown obstructive symptoms or adenoid hypertropy findings, are still controversial. Also, the additon of adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of otitis media with effusion is still debatable. In this respect, different results were reported in the literature.
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