Objectives: This study aimed to investigate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes, analyze influencing factors, and assess its prevalence within the studied population.
Methods: This retrospective study included all patients aged ≥18 years who experienced cardiac arrest and were resuscitated at Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia, between 2016 and 2022. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and CPR sheets following Utstein-style recommendations.
Results: A total of 244 cases were enrolled in this study, and its prevalence was 5.1 cardiac arrest cases per 1,000 hospital admissions. The overall survival rate was found to be 35.7%. Certain factors correlated with higher mortality included being intubated before cardiac arrest, intensive care unit admission, history of cerebrovascular accident, abnormal vital signs and consciousness level before cardiac arrest, as well as utilized vasopressors, mechanical ventilation during CPR, and receiving 3-4 defibrillator shocks. Conversely, a higher survival rate was observed in hepatic insufficiency patients, those with a shockable initial rhythm, shorter CPR duration, and receiving 1-2 defibrillator shocks.
Conclusion: This study identified several factors influencing CPR outcomes, with a prevalence of 5.1 cardiac arrest cases per 1,000 admissions, and an overall survival rate of 35.7%. Continued research and advancement of CPR strategies are crucial for optimizing outcomes in cardiac arrest patients.
Key words: Outcomes, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, prevalence, Saudi Arabia, retrospective
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