Abstract

Background and Aims:
Skin-lightening product usage is a prevalent practice among women. This study investigated the prevalence, characteristics, and perceptions of skin-lightening product usage among adult females in Saudi Arabia, exploring demographic influences and the potential adverse effects associated with these products.

Methods:
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted over seven months from September 2023 to April 2024, using a pre-validated online questionnaire. The study targeted adult females aged 18 and above across five regions of Saudi Arabia. The sample size was 385 participants, determined using OpenEpi. Data were collected via social media platforms and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20.0.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, with a significance level set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results:
Out of 598 respondents, 81.4% reported using skin-lightening products. Usage was significantly associated with age, region, and marital status. Commonly reported side effects included redness (23.4%), acne (9.0%), and sun sensitivity (8.9%). Participants’ perceptions of lighter skin being associated with beauty, higher self-esteem, and better job opportunities significantly influenced their product usage.

Conclusion:
The study highlights the high prevalence of skin-lightening product usage among adult females in Saudi Arabia and its association with demographic factors and societal perceptions. The findings underscore the need for increased awareness of these products’ potential risks and safe usage practices. Further research is recommended to explore additional factors influencing product usage and to develop interventions for safer skincare practices.

Key words: Skin-Lighting, Females, Saudi Arabia, Consumer behavior, Beauty products