Beta vulgaris L. subsp. maritime (Chenopodiaceae) is widely distributed throughout the world and used as an old medicinal plant and traditional food. Red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plant is a rich source of phenolic compounds, which decrease oxidative damage of lipids and improve antioxidant status in humans. Anti-mutagenic effects of ethanolic extract prepared using dried wild plants of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima was studied. Allium cepa root tip meristem cells treated with Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O) as mutagenic substance at concentration 0.3%, which induced the highest number of aberrations in Allium cepa root tip cells. Three types of treatments were applied, pre, post and simultaneous-treatment. In the pre-treatment, roots were treated with different concentrations of plant ethanolic extract (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%), separately for 3 h each, followed by treatment with 0.3% MgSO47H2O for 3 hours. The post treatment, roots were first treated with 0.3% MgSO4.7H2O for 3 h followed by the different concentrations of the ethanolic plant extract (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) In the simultaneous-treatment, Allium cepa roots were treated with 0.3% MgSO4.7H2O and different concentrations of plant ethanolic extract (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) at the same time. For controls, roots were treated with 0.3% MgSO4.7H2O for 3 hr. and distilled water served as positive and negative control, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed which revealed that the ethanol plant extract modulated the genotoxic and clastogenic mutations, which were induced by MgSO4.7H2O. The inhibition activity of the highest concentration 1% of plant ethanol extract with the post treatment was 55.4%, with pre-treatment was 69% and was 69.9 % with the simultaneous treatment.
Key words: Beta vulgaris maritima, ethanol extract, antioxidant, genotoxic mutation,
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