Background: The temporal lobe agenesis syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality. Bilateral temporal lobe agenesis along with middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts is extremely rare, and only very few cases have been reported in the literature.
Case report: We present the case of 21-year-old child with bilateral arachnoid cysts and temporal lobe agenesis whose mental examination and neurologic assessment is normal. The Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings revealed bilateral temporal lobe agenesis with bilateral arachnoid cysts. Brain MRI sequence showing bilateral middle cranial fossa arachnoidal cysts, following CSF signal intensity on MRI. Bilateral middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts with temporal lobe agenesis. The patient was managed conservatively.
Conclusion: Bilateral middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts with temporal lobe agenesis in adult is very rare. The diagnosis is made by brain MRI. Prophylactic surgery in asymptomatic cases is not advisable. These patients must be followed by the practician. The patient and his family must be sensualized and informed of some precautions, especially brain head trauma.
Key words: Adult, headache, brain MRI, Bilateral temporal lobe agenesis, bilateral middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts.
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