Background: Helicobacter pylori is associated with various diseases, mainly, many benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions of the digestive system. Colonization of stomach by H. pylori and chronic active gastritis present a cause-and-effect relationship. Endoscopic biopsy allows the detection of H. pylori, which determines the treatment for peptic ulcer disease.
Objective: To study the various spectrums of pathological lesions in patients with dyspepsia and the incidence of H. pylori in various pathological lesions.
Materials and Methods: Seventy consecutive endoscopic gastric biopsies, which were received from patients presenting with symptoms of dyspepsia, were included in the study. Routine hematoxylin and eosin stain and Giemsa-stained sections were examined for the histomorphological parameters associated with H. pylori infection and correlated with the incidence of H. pylori infection in each case.
Result: Of the 70 cases, 40 cases (57.5%) were positive for H. pylori, maximum positivity (66.6%) in specimens with histological evidence of gastric ulcer, followed by positivity in chronic superficial gastritis with activity cases (61.5%). Adenocarcinoma of intestinal type was associated with more positivity [4 of 5 (80%)] cases than that of adenocarcinoma of diffuse type [1 of 4 (25%)] cases. The presence of H. pylori is directly proportional to the degree of inflammation in chronic superficial gastritis.
Conclusion: The frequency of H. pylori infection is common in dyspeptic patients in our population. Association between various gastric diseases such as benign, premalignant, and malignant and H. pylori is significant.
Key words: H. pylori, chronic gastritis, dyspepsia
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