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Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.). 2013; 9(2): 171-182


EVALUATION OF MAJOR METABOLITES OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM ORGANS IN RELATION TO GRAIN QUALITY IN THE DIFFERENT CULTIVATED PLANT VARIETIES AT THE NILE DELTA, EGYPT

Mahmoud A. Abdel-Elhaak Mohamed A. Zayed Mohamed A. Elgamal.




Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the content of the major metabolites in the different organs of Triticum aestivum and their relation to grain quality indices. The contents of crude carbohydrate, fibre, lipid and protein did not vary significantly by the Nile Delta parts or plant varieties. In addition, there was increase in carbohydrates, fibres, lipids and proteins of plant organs in north, middle, north and north Nile Delta parts, respectively indicating increase in the plant grain quality in the northern parts. The crude proteins content in the grains was nearly similar to the crude carbohydrates content but it was four times the crude lipids content and thirteen times the crude fibres content. Also, the crude carbohydrates content was more than three times the crude lipids content in T. aestivum grains regardless of the Nile Delta parts, locations and plant varieties. The contents of each crude carbohydrates, lipids and proteins were in grains > leaves > stems > roots of T. aestivum. Opposite trend was observed for T. aestivum crude fibres (roots > stems > leaves > grains). The indices of grain quality (proteins/carbohydrates index, proteins/lipids index and carbohydrates/lipids index) showed that T. aestivum varieties have nearly similar quality as indicated by the not significant variations in the grain quality by Nile Delta parts or locations of the same part. Masr 1 variety had slightly high proteins/carbohydrates index and moderate proteins/lipids index and least carbohydrates/lipids index indicating good quality of the plant grains in comparison with the other cultivated varieties.

Key words: Triticum aestivum; varieties; grain quality; carbohydrates; fibres; lipids; proteins; Nile Delta region.






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