The present work aimed to study the karyotype dynamic structure and to identify the genetic variability of 26 accessions of Lathyrus sativus related to its geographical distribution. The study based on the morphological features of the basic chromosome numbers and numerical characterization of the karyotypes using total chromosome length (TCL), mean chromosome length (MCL) and mean centromeric index (MCI). The basic chromosome numbers were analyzed cytologically by Feulgen staining. All accessions were diploid (2n = 14). The karyotypes of the studied accessions had a predominance of metacentric chromosomes with some accessions characterized by subtelocentric chromosomes. Karyotype analysis also revealed the appearance of extra chromosomal structure like B-chromosome and satellite. Karyotype analysis showed a variation in the chromosome length, chromosome structure and centromere position of the accessions. The variation may be considered of adaptive significance and evolution in L. sativus.
Key words: Lathyrus sativus, grass pea, karyotype, chromosome.
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