Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by persistent increased blood glucose level due to absence of insulin or resistance of insulin receptor cells. Many conventional drugs were available for management of the disease. However, these drugs might not be affordable coupled with possible side effects associated with the drugs, thus various medicinal plants accessible and affordable with possible fewer side effects were used to manage the disease. The study assessed the safety and possible side effects and/or regeneration on the histology of the selected organs. Standard biochemical methods were adopted to analyze all biochemical parameters. Standard method was also used for histological examinations of the isolated organs. The result revealed some degree of alteration in a number of biochemical parameters analyzed due to the extract treatments. Moreover, result revealed normal central vein and hepatocytes in normal control group, while a normal central vein and an irregular sinusoidal space were seen in alloxan-induced diabetes untreated and glibenclamide control groups. However, group treated with combined extract at 400mg/kg bodyweight revealed normal central vein with mild inflammation of hepatocytes. Similarly, a normal capsular space, proximal tubule and distal tubule; and an atrophied renal corpuscle with normal proximal tubule and distal tubule were observed in normal control and alloxan-induced diabetes non-treated groups respectively. In contrast, hypertrophied tubule with capsular space reduction, capsular space hypertrophy and diffuse effect on capsular space with glomerular atrophy were observed in glibenclamide control and combined extract at 100 and 400mg/kg body weight treated groups respectively. Furthermore, the result revealed normal exophytic glands with adequate and atrophied islets of Langerhans in normal control and alloxan-induced diabetes non-treated groups respectively. Histological examination consequently, revealed regeneration of islets of Langerhans in glibenclamide and all the extract treated groups compared to control group.
Key words: Safety, Curcuma longa, Cucumis sativus, Liver, Kidney, Diabetes
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