Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with decreased performance on cognitive domains. Diabetic patients have poor memory and attention. Cognitive dysfunction has emerged as significant morbidity of DM nowadays. Cognitive function can be screened rapidly by Montreal cognitive assessment test (MoCA).

Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the effect of blood glucose levels and diabetic duration on MoCA score in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: DM patients of both type 1(30) and type 2(30) from NCD clinic were selected as cases. Thirty persons with good health from master health checkup were selected as controls. Cognitive function was assessed in all the participants with MoCA after getting informed consent. Fasting and postprandial blood sugars were assessed with 2 mL of venous blood.

Results: The mean MoCA score has decreased among diabetic cases than controls. Among cases, T1DM has decreased mean MoCA score than T2DM. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), post prandial blood sugar (PPBS), and diabetic duration were found to be correlated negatively with the score obtained in MoCA in controls and T1DM cases. In T2DM cases, FBS and PPBS were found to be correlated negatively with the score obtained in MoCA, but weak positive correlation was found between duration and MoCA score.

Conclusion: Our study concludes an association between FBS, PPBS, and duration of diabetes with MoCA score in diabetic patients of both types. Strict glycemic control and regular screening for cognitive dysfunction can prevent dementia.

Key words: Fasting Blood Sugar; Post Prandial Blood Sugar; Diabetes Mellitus; Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test; Mild Cognitive Impairment